3 to October 4, 1993 is developing the largest military operation in the United States since the Vietnam War and possibly the beginning of many changes we are seeing recently on military policy United States.
In 1992 the U.S. decided to launch Operation Restore Hope (Restore Hope) that basically consisted of United Nations intervention led by the U.S. in Somalia. Thus in December 1992, 20,000 Marines landed on the beaches of Mogadishu with a mission to provide food aid to Somalis. It managed to establish delivery routes and distribute large amounts of food that were accepted by the people with pleasure.
Once achieved the initial objectives of the operation, the Marines were replaced by a UN international force Unidas.El day of respite from the Marines by UN troops, which included about 38,000 soldiers from 23 nations, beginning an offensive Aidid, snipers deployed around the city and laying mines at passing vehicles, killing 4 members of the peacekeeping force the UN to explode a mine.
In this backdrop of increasing tension the U.S. Army began training a special force in Fort Bragg, North Carolina. Its mission was the training set of units Ranger, Navy Seal, and Air Force Commands for possible capture Mohamed Farrah Aidid, under the name Operation Gothic Serpent, the key name Irene. Among this group of soldiers was also preparing a new formation called Delta Basically Force teams were assigned to them special operations. In support of Delta units are turned to a group of helicopter pilots known as the Night Stalkers, regiment belonging to 160 Special Operations Aviation (SOAR), based in Fort Campbell, Kentucky.
On Sunday October 3 were located Aidid's lieutenants in a house near the Olimpyc Hotel near the Bakara market. Immediately at the command post and control at the airport controls delta groups meet to develop a plan, are 14:49. Minutes later the plan is ready. Helicopters MH-6 Little Birds were transported to the Delta operators to the same target, while the Ranger helicopters aboard MH-60 Black Hawk had to fall at Fast Rope in the four corners of the block where he was the target and ensure the perimeter. Upon the deposit of Ranger, the Black Hawk had to remain in the area to provide air cover until the arrival of a convoy of 12 military vehicles to evacuate the prisoners and soldiers to the base. Everything seemed perfect, and all the pieces fit for the mission will last no longer than 30 minutes from beginning to end. But the house was being assaulted was in one of the worst places in Mogadishu the so-called Black Sea, a real Aidid stronghold where gunmen had many in the area and very close to the largest arms market in this part of Africa. At 15:00
given the code name "IRENE." The operation was launched, and is ordered to prepare to all members of the mission for immediate departure. At 15:30 a force of 19 helicopters took off from the air base by going along the coast to the perpendicular to the center of the city to make a left turn and go straight to the Hotel Olimpyc. A total of 160 men and a convoy of 12 vehicles headed toward the goal.
Nothing but the Little Bird perching on the ground, Delta operators raided the house where their objectives and detained 20 Somalis. The Rangers at the same time the Black Hawk went down in the four corners of the block where the house stood. Each Ranger assault group was called Chalk ¨ ¨ (Chalk) and all descended into the fittings except chalk Sergeant Eversmann, who descended on the next block. It was 15:42 when a Ranger Chalk Eversmann fell to the ground from the Black Hawk. While attending the wounded soldier chalk members were brutally attacked with fire from all positions.
Immediately
Alarm mounted across the city, burned tires Somali guerrillas indicating where the attack was taking place and soon the area looked like a busy beehive. Little by little they were concentrating more militants and their number was increasing. At 15:42 the convoy arrived in the area and thanks to its 50 mm caliber machine guns seemed the situation could be controlled. A group of three Hummers managed to evacuate the wounded soldier and began his way back to base, being brutally attacked during the journey. While the rest of the convoy was in charge of evacuating the prisoners.
minutes later the attack is increasing. Mohamed Farrah Aidid after of the six previous attacks on the mission included the importance of helicopters to U.S. forces and had developed a strategy for a possible new attack, when the helicopters waiting to give fire protection to the troops landed were placed around the area as knew that if one of them getting down nearer soldiers with the mission to rescue the occupants. The only way to overthrow it was a massive attack with RPG's. When it seemed that everything was going as planned an unexpected event occurred.
The Super 61 Black Hawk was hit in the tail rotor by an RPG, falling and crashing into a building 6 blocks from the target. At that time it had lost the initiative. If an assault mission operation step convertidse unexpectedly in a rescue mission at all costs because they knew what the Somalis did with prisoners captured and U.S. forces did not leave anyone behind.
Groups Delta Ranger and some operators were ordered to the place of purpose, with a mission to rescue the occupants of the Super 61 and create a security perimeter in the area. A Little Bird in a daring move down before reaching the outskirts rescue and rescued one of the pilots. As already with the area cordoned off the convoy is ordered to proceed to the place of demolition. That started the whole disaster of the Battle of Mogadishu. While the convoy was on its way street barricades and difficult to access, Delta Operators marched on foot to the scene.
At 16:36 the convoy was going around trying to find the path to the site of demolition. The Super 64 Black Hawk piloted by Michael Durant is ordered to replace the position of Super 61 shot down, but right in the beginning its mission to the Super 64 is also achieved. Are
16 40 Sunday October 3, 1994, in Mogadishu all precipitates. The Black Hawk Super 64 issues a distressing message: YOU ARE 64
OK? ROGER
IN HARD GOING, GOING DOWN ... RAY!
64 IS GOING DOWN. 64 IS DOWN.
A64, R64, OVER. HE HAS JUST ROGER
... NORTHWEST, 200 METERS OF THE RPG.
ROGER, WE JUST LOST ANOTHER BLACKHAWK, WE ARE TAKING A LOT OF FIRE RPG, WE LOST IT SOUTH OF THE SOUTH OF OLYMPIC NATIONAL HOTEL, WE GOT ANOTHER HAWK OVER HEAD. WE NEED TO ASK IF THEY CAN THE KILO RESPOND AND GIVE THEM SOME HELP.
The Super 64 is hit by another RPG and 2 kilometers down the first Black Hawk. The buildings of the place were low huts and houses. Michael Durant and his passenger survived the impact but were seriously injured. As the battle was complete, 3-vehicle convoy evacuating the base of the wounded soldier Ranger group Eversmann, was under intense fire and his way through hundreds of armed militants, they fought hard in the area of \u200b\u200bthe first Black Hawk shot down and the convoy principal was lost looking for the way to the demolition site of the first cut by streets dodging barricades and burning tires.
The small convoy managed to reach the base and immediately inform them the fall of the second Black Hawk and that they should prepare to return to the city. Once completed, the convoy headed back into battle. While the Super 64 was slowly being surrounded and two Delta snipers, Sergeant Randy and Class Sergeant Gary Gordon who performed functions in another Black Hawk gunners reported that they wanted to descend to cover Durant and co-driver until the arrival of rescue force. Once deposited in the vicinity of the downed helicopter, the pilots covered, but the number of militias was growing up that all but Michael Durant was shot down. Gary Gordon and Randy Shughart received the Medal of Honor posthumously for this courageous action. When Durant thought he had come to an end one of the militants managed prevent lynching understanding that Aidid would be more valuable alive than dead. The bodies of his companions were dragged through the streets, the Black Hawk Durant broken and moved to a house where he was chained.
Randy Shughart and Gary Gordon
The main convoy was trying to make their way through the city, but it was an impossible task, misguided and the number of street barricades and cut assumed commanders decide to order the return to base. 99 U.S. soldiers between Rangers and Delta operators were alone in the city. Night approached and the group that was deployed in the vicinity the first Black Hawk Down took up positions in buildings near the site.
was planned base in the rescue mission, wanted no more mistakes and was determined to use everything you had on hand. Even armored personnel transports of the international force made up of Pakistanis and Malaysians. Once the forces were cleared to participate in the mission came the preparation.
It was night in Mogadishu and the convoy was not yet prepared. The men faced entrenched militant groups and the fire of the AH-6 Little Bird flying almost at ground level militants kept busy giving some respite to people nearby. At 00:15 the October 4th international convoy starts. Once collected all the men remained at the scene of the shooting down of the Super 64 to get rid the body of Durant passenger was trapped between the fuselage. Some men do not understand and did not get out of there as quickly after what had passed, but the American soldiers do not leave anyone and stayed until they can rid the body of the pilot. It was 06:00 in the morning when they finally manage to free the body and the convoy is launched towards the Pakistani stadium used as a basis for the international force. The last vehicle he noticed that about 12 men in the convoy were still running, were operators Delta had not been able to occupy the site in vehicles and decided to go walk-protected vehicles, but they accelerated and left behind. Mogadishu was the mile that's how I remember. After a day of heavy fighting, and a long night, had to make this march pursued by militia groups all came alive at the stadium. Once there they began to realize the losses that had occurred and that there was still missing soldiers. Everyone wanted to come back and finish the mission at a time.
Michael Durant was released and the U.S. decided to abandon all operations in Somalia. The Battle of Mogadishu which had begun as a simple mission was over con 19 hombres muertos y 73 heridos entre los americanos y una cifra difícil de estimar entre los somalíes pero que puede variar entre 500 y 1000 muertos y varios miles de heridos.
Michael Durant , después de su liberación , escribiría :
“Después del gran estruendo, vino el miedo”, no me podía mover, me dolía mucho la espalda y la pierna, nos habían derribado y estábamos solos, todo parecía surreal.
Es difícil de explicar, pero me quité la alianza, mi reloj y lo puse en el panel de control. Escuchaba la turba enfurecida nearby, heard the bullets to hit the fuselage, was going to die, he knew. There was much noise in the back the helicopter could not focus after a few rumblings, there was silence, suddenly appeared at my side duplex, two white faces, friends!. These helmets and vests blacks were unmistakable, were two operators delta, knew what they were doing.
A joy enveloped me, everything would be fine, were going back home. The two boys whose faces were familiar to me, grabbed me like a baby and I traveled to the nose of the helicopter, I got a gun and told me
"enfolded the back" after that they put one on each side of the apparatus, from time to time, some "skinny" head came out, but disappeared after the shooting, suddenly heard a moan and a voice saying, - "Randy, I have been given" , Gary Gordon was not see him again. Soon, Randy Shughart approached me and said: - "Gordy has died, no weapons on board?" I replied that they were behind the seats, then asked me what was the frequency of radio support survival I explained the basic procedure to make the call, there was a channel called Bravo, and then I heard him making an emergency call to our evacuation from the helicopter's radio. It was when I realized that our situation was desperate, had attended the two of them I had been exhausted
ammunition when Randy gave me an M-16 helicopter, looked at me and said, - "are raw things, does this party and I'll be there before. " I looked back and said, - "Lucky."
worked for some time. Randy was shooting for a long time, a long burst suddenly fell silent, I knew I had fallen, all was lost, he heard the mob enraged Somali who came to me, I put the gun in his chest and looked toward the sky, was convinced he would die.
This is the story of the pilot Mike J. Durant in his book "
IN COMPANY OF HEROES: A TRUE HISTORY" pilot "super 64", the second black hawk down, during the Battle of Mogadishu on October 3, 1993.
After being shot down the "super" in Durant, the 2 delta operators, made the request to be inserted up to 3 times, given that no one could go, because other groups were also trapped, defending another Black Hawk Down .
Finally, the command post agreed and inserted 100 meters from the accident.
By this action, for defending the crew of "super 64 "until death, were granted to operators delta, Gary I. D. Gordon and Randa Shughart Medal of Honor posthumously. Were the first people to receive the Medal of Honor posthumously congressional formula, since the war is Vietnam.
Mike Durant was held captive 11 days after receiving a brutal beating by an angry mob after he was released. What has always highlighted Durant, was the ease with which Gordon and Shughart acted during the action.
Randy Shughart. August 13, 1958 (08/13/1958) - October 3, 1993 (aged 35)
1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta
Decorations: Purple Heart Medal of Honor
Gary Ivan Gordon. August 30, 1960 (30/08/1960) - October 3, 1993 (aged 33)
1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta
Decorations: Medal of Honor.
purple heart.
Medal of Merit in service.
2 Medals for achievement in service together.
Army Medal of praise.
4 Medals for good behavior.
The Delta Force sniper Gary Gordon and Randy Shurghart were killed in action during the Battle of Mogadishu. It is estimated that together eliminated over 100 enemies. Both were posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions to help the crew of a downed helicopter.
KILLED BY AMERICAN
Delta Force SFC Randy Shughart
• Medal of Honor
• MSG Gary Gordon Medal of Honor
• MSG Tim "Griz" Martin
• SFC Earl Fillmore: Silver Star SSG Daniel Busch
•: • Silver Star SFC Matt Rierson
: Silver Star
160th SOAR (Nightstalkers)
• CWO Raymond Frank Copilot of Super 64: Silver Star and Air Medal with distinctive value
• William Cleveland SSG crew chief on Super 64: Silver Star, star Bronze medal air with distinctive value SSG Thomas
• team leader in Super 64: Silver Star, Bronze Star and Air Medal with distinctive value
• CWO Clifton "Elvis" Wolcott Pilot killed in Super 61 accident: Distinguished Flying Cross, Bronze Star and Air Medal with distinctive value CWO Donovan Briley
• Copilot of Super 61 died in the accident: Distinguished Flying Cross and Star Bronze and Air Medal with distinctive value.
75th Ranger Regiment
• SGT Casey Joyce: Bronze Star with distinctive value
• SPC James Cavaco: Bronze Star with distinctive value
• CPL Jamie Smith: Bronze Star with distinctive value
• SGT Dominick Pilla: Bronze Star with distinctive value
• PFC Richard Kowalewski: Bronze Star with distinctive value SGT Lorenzo Ruiz
• Killed: Bronze Star with distinctive value
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