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Bravo Two Zero was the code name of a British SAS patrol (consisting of eight men) displaced in Iraq during the first Gulf War in 1991. The patrol was responsible for monitoring the main supply route between Baghdad and Iraq Northwest, like the location and destruction of Scud missile launchers.
PATROL OPERATORS
SAS Sergeant Andy McNab - Military Medal / Distinguished Conduct Medal -
patrol leader (pseudonym) Captured by the enemy and later released. Author of the book, Bravo Two Zero.
Sergeant Vincent Phillips - Second in command
(real name) died of hypothermia. Cape
Chris Ryan - Military Medal
(Pseudonym) The only member who managed to escape without being caught. Author of the book, The One That Got Away.
Corporal Ian "Dinger" Pring
(real name) was captured by the enemy and later released. Soldier
Robert "Bob" Gaspare Consiglio - Military Medal
(Real name) died in combat. Soldier
Steven John "Legs" Lane - Military Medal
(real name) died of hypothermia. Soldier
Malcolm "Mal" Graham MacGown
(real name) was captured by the enemy and later released. Soldier
Mike "Kiwi" Coburn
(Alias) Captured by the enemy and later released. He currently lives in New Zealand. Author of the book, Soldier Five.
EQUIPMENT OPERATORS
Each patrol member wore a desert camouflage and a two-tone beige scarf. While The other members wore boots army service, Ryan had a pair of Gore-Tex boots in the company Mammut Sports Group.
Each carried a tactical belt, a bag of food, two NBC protective suits, extra ammunition and 23 liters of water. The belt contained tactical ammunition, water, food and medical package. His backpack contained 25 kilograms tactical supplies, equipment for the lookout, rations for 7 days, batteries for radio, demolition material (PE4 plastic explosive, detonators and some claymore mines - Elsie) and emergency medical equipment.
also wore a radio Lane HF PRC 319, Magellan GPS Coburn, MacGowan a night vision scope and the other four devices TACB media. The total equipment weight is between 43 kg (McNab) and 54 kg (Ryan).
WEAPONS OF EACH OPERATOR M16 assault rifle with M203 grenade launcher - McNab, Phillips, Ryan, Lane
FN Minimi machine gun - Pring, Consiglio, MacGowan, Coburn Rocket
LAW - All
Browning Hi-Power Pistol - Phillips
PATROL The patrol is perhaps best known for the walk that made Chris Ryan for eight days (about 300 km) to escape the Iraqis who were chasing him, trying to reach Syria, and with the capture and torture of the patrol leader. Ryan describe later in his book about these events, The One That Got Away, which lost about 16 kg of body weight during their escape.
several books have been written about the events, including the version of Andy McNab, Chris Ryan's and Mike Coburn, but the story that describes each of the three members of the unit does not always match, leading to accusations of lie. By McNab's behavior during the mission, received the Distinguished Conduct Medal and Military Medal Ryan. INSERTION
After being moved to a base of operations ally Saudi Arabia, eight-unit Men and key code name, Bravo Two Zero. was inserted into Iraqi territory by a Boeing CH-47 Chinook during the night of January 22, 1991. Sergeant Andy McNab, described in his book that the patrol moved through the Iraqi desert 20 kilometers before reaching a valley. However some evidence of a Bedouin tribe and recreation of the mission suggests that the distance was only 2 kilometers. Mike Coburn said the patrol was not left in place planned due to some navigational errors committed by the Royal Air Force.
Shortly after being dropped on Iraqi soil, the patrol realized that they had severe problems with communication systems. Repeated attempts to establish radio communication and satellite signal failed. They realized they had been equipped with the wrong radio frequency, these were for the city of Kuwait rather than Iraq.
former Regimental Sergeant Major Peter Ratcliffe, leaving the onus of false frequencies in the patrol leader, McNab, because being the head of the mission was his job to make sure that the frequencies were given.
LOSS OF COVERAGE
After staying hidden in the valley during the day, the patrol was spotted by a young pastor, who escaped and reported its position to the Iraqi army. Believing committed, the patrol decided exfiltration route, leaving behind excess baggage. When preparing to flee heard what appeared to be a tank approaching their position. The patrol took defensive positions and prepared their M72 LAW antitank weapons, waiting to appear before them armored. Once the light was realized that in reality he was a bulldozer, which turned back to see the patrol. Soon after, be frank and exfiltration (according to the account of McNab and Ryan) was a clash with some APC's Iraqi and other support forces, but the nature and scale of the confrontation is unclear.
Michael Asher interviewed the family of Bedouin said the patrol discovered while writing his book, The Real Bravo Two Zero. The family stated that the young shepherd (not goats as mentioned in the stories) was close to the patrol but never saw her, only to be spotted by the driver of the bulldozer. According to the family, they were not sure who were the men and followed a short distance, eventually firing some warning shots (on when the SAS patrol responded to hostile fire away).
With Asher research on the events, the terrain and the position of the Iraqi army relies McNab version of the events but excludes the attack by Iraqi troops and APC's. In the book, Soldier Five, Mike Coburn, partially supported version of McNab about events, specifically in the presence of an APC with numerous soldiers and have been attacked with a machine gun 12.7 mm caliber DShK. Ryan's version, describes somehow missed it, but later estimated to have about 70 shots fired during the confrontation.
EXTRACTION POINT
Standard procedure operation (PEO) of the British Army, said that in case of an emergency or loss of communication, the patrol must return to the original point of infiltration where a helicopter would land briefly every 24 hours. This plan was complicated by the inadequate position of infiltration, yet the patrol arrived at the designated point of collection in case of emergency, but the helicopter never showed up. Sergeant Major Ratcliffe later revealed that this was because the pilot became ill before the maneuvers of security.
Later, the patrol attempted to transmit an emergency call to Allied fighter jets flying in proximity, not realizing that it could only send but not receive. The aircraft pilots were aware of the problems of the patrol but were unable to help. Even so, identified a number of exit routes from its last known position and waited for exfiltration define their path to find and difficult to Iraqi forces in their attempts to capture them. Exfiltration
standard operating procedure defines that before the infiltration of any unit behind enemy lines, an exfiltration route should be planned so that all members know where to go in case of become separated. The patrol plan indicated a southern route to Saudi Arabia, however, lightened the patrol and start the journey at low temperature to the northwest, to the Syrian border 300 kilometers. Mike Coburn suggested in his story that during the pre mission planning, Syria agreed to an escape plan was implemented. It also notes that this was the advice of B Squadron Commander at the time.
According to Ratcliff, this change of plans nullified all efforts of the Allies to locate and rescue the unit. McNab has been criticized for refusing the advice of his superiors, to include vehicles in the mission (to be left at a point emergency) that would have facilitated his escape. Other units of the SAS have successfully used Land Rover vehicles in similar situations, however, suggests that the joint patrol agreed to have no support vehicles, because they believed a small unit (the Rovers are only available within walking distance base) and also would be misused in a mission that was planned to be carried out from an observation point.
SEPARATION
During the night, while trying to send a signal via TACB any Coalition aircraft, the team broke up due to an error in communication. It was then that the patrol was divided into two groups. Despite the attempts, both sides of the unit were unable to locate one another, coupled with bad weather. Both groups continue with the plan of evasion and escape, while experiencing extreme condition of snowstorms.
The patrol was ill-equipped for cold winter nights in this wilderness, taking only his belt tactics, for they had left their backpacks and most of your baggage during the battle in the valley.
The cold weather will eventually contribute to the deaths of two members team, Vincent Phillips and Stephen Lane. A third, Robert Consiglio, died during a battle with military forces or Iraqi police. Other surviving members (some of whom had made Arctic warfare training in Norway) subsequently declare that conditions in the desert were the toughest they had experienced in his life. The death of Phillips, a veteran Arctic training, indicating the severity of the conditions they had faced.
Ryan led the group of three who was separated, including the most experienced Sergeant Vincent Phillips, who had begun to suffer from hypothermia. McNab led the other group five.
CAPTURE
McNab and colleagues, seized a taxi on the road approaching the border faster, but had to leave at a checkpoint, hence being the driver alerted the police. After it was revealed that instead of letting the driver side of the road, as McNab was told, he had taken to the checkpoint and alerted the police.
In this group, one died because of the weather, one killed and three others were captured. In the group of Ryan, Phillips died hypothermia and Stan (their friend) was captured by asking for help to a pastor. Ryan just came to Syria after an eight-day trek notable and suffering from exhaustion, starvation and dehydration.
captured members were moved several times, being subjected to torture and interrogation at each location. Were detained in Abu Ghraib prison before being released.
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